1. 電(dian)凈液成分見(jian)表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈液的性(xing)質和用途


 電凈液都是(shi)堿性(xing)溶液，pH為11~13.溶液呈無色透明(ming)，手摸有(you)滑感，-10℃不結冰。


 電凈液具有較強(qiang)的(de)去(qu)油作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，同時具有輕度的(de)除氧化膜(mo)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。


3. 使(shi)用方法


  用(yong)鍍(du)筆蘸上(shang)電凈液，大型圓柱形工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)夾在(zai)機床車頭上(shang)旋轉(zhuan)，鍍(du)筆固定在(zai)刀架上(shang)不動，將(jiang)鍍(du)筆和工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)接觸(chu)，并保持(chi)一(yi)定的(de)相對運動速(su)率，如果(guo)是平(ping)面工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)，則工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)固定，鍍(du)筆在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)平(ping)面上(shang)接觸(chu)，用(yong)手工(gong)(gong)移動保持(chi)相對運動速(su)率。在(zai)通電的(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表面涂抹，達(da)到去油的(de)目的(de)。


  工(gong)(gong)(gong)件與鍍(du)筆之間的通電(dian)(dian)有(you)兩種(zhong)方式(shi)：一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)稱(cheng)為(wei)正極(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件接(jie)負極(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆接(jie)正極(ji)(ji)，去油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)快捷。通電(dian)(dian)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面(mian)產生(sheng)大量的氫(qing)氣，故(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件有(you)滲(shen)氫(qing)現象(xiang)；另一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)稱(cheng)為(wei)反(fan)極(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件接(jie)正極(ji)(ji)，鍍(du)筆接(jie)負極(ji)(ji)，通電(dian)(dian)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面(mian)產生(sheng)氧氣，其去油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)中(zhong)等，作(zuo)用溫和(he)，沒有(you)滲(shen)氫(qing)現象(xiang)。在實(shi)際工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)，往往是采用高檔電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（10~18V),先正極(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈(jing)后反(fan)極(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)凈(jing)聯(lian)合應(ying)用，效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)最佳。


4. 電凈工藝條件


 電(dian)壓10~18V,一般(ban)取12V;時間(jian)30~90s;電(dian)凈(jing)液(ye)溫度 15~50℃。


 電凈后(hou)立即(ji)用水(shui)沖洗干凈，表(biao)(biao)面水(shui)膜分布均勻，金屬表(biao)(biao)面呈(cheng)現均勻的潔(jie)凈狀(zhuang)態，立即(ji)進(jin)行下道工序，不可使表(biao)(biao)面形成干斑。