隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不銹鋼管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)工藝（控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)，TMCP）可綜(zong)合利用(yong)細(xi)晶強(qiang)(qiang)化、析出強(qiang)(qiang)化和相變強(qiang)(qiang)化等強(qiang)(qiang)化機制(zhi)，是有效在線調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)、顯著(zhu)提升材(cai)料(liao)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)重要手(shou)段。經(jing)三十余年快速發(fa)(fa)展，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)技(ji)術(shu)已廣泛應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)于(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、棒線材(cai)等領域(yu)。然而，熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)有別(bie)于(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)等鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)門類，不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)變形和成型(xing)后的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)工藝與(yu)常規控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)工藝示意圖如圖6-63所示。熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)高溫穿軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產工藝條件使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)受到極大(da)限制(zhi)，環形斷面的(de)(de)(de)形狀特(te)點使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)難度很(hen)大(da)，嚴(yan)重制(zhi)約(yue)了基(ji)于(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)在線組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)術(shu)在該領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)和發(fa)(fa)展，熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)產品的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度、韌性(xing)和焊接性(xing)等綜(zong)合性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)全面提升面臨瓶(ping)頸。因(yin)此(ci)，實現熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)成型(xing)和成型(xing)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)在線組(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)領域(yu)長期以來的(de)(de)(de)重點攻關方向(xiang)之一(yi)。

  針對熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)線組織(zhi)性能調(diao)(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)工業化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術，其(qi)(qi)相關機(ji)(ji)理及(ji)(ji)核心(xin)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)長期以(yi)來未取得(de)有(you)效(xiao)突破。首先，在(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)方面(mian)，由于不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)加(jia)工過(guo)(guo)程中需要經歷復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)型工序，為降低(di)變形(xing)(xing)抗力以(yi)保證(zheng)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)工序的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩順(shun)進(jin)行，管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯(pi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)度往往較(jiao)高，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)要在(zai)(zai)(zai)盡可能高的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度下連續完成(cheng)穿孔及(ji)(ji)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程，為此難以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)低(di)溫(wen)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)工藝對奧氏體組織(zhi)狀態(tai)進(jin)行調(diao)(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。其(qi)(qi)次(ci)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻方面(mian)，盡管(guan)(guan)(guan)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)形(xing)(xing)狀簡單，但特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)斷面(mian)特征使(shi)得(de)其(qi)(qi)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)冷(leng)(leng)卻機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)顯著區別(bie)于板帶鋼及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)他類(lei)型鋼材(cai)。例如，沿(yan)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)圓周方向均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)對稱的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻水布置并不(bu)能使(shi)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)達(da)到均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻效(xiao)果，這其(qi)(qi)中必然存在(zai)(zai)(zai)異于傳統(tong)理念(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)(xing)斷面(mian)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)冷(leng)(leng)卻機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。由于鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)冷(leng)(leng)卻機(ji)(ji)理及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究進(jin)展有(you)限(xian)，導致控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻過(guo)(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)組織(zhi)性能均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)性以(yi)及(ji)(ji)冷(leng)(leng)卻不(bu)均(jun)(jun)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)事故(gu)無(wu)法(fa)有(you)效(xiao)解決(jue)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)較(jiao)長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)了(le)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻技(ji)術在(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展和應用。