在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉app免費視頻在線觀看:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為粗(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和拋光等。粗(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為了消(xiao)除密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)擦(ca)傷、壓痕、蝕點等缺陷，提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)平整度(du)和降(jiang)(jiang)低粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)，為密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基礎。精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為了消(xiao)除密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)紋路(lu)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平整度(du)和降(jiang)(jiang)低粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)。拋光的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是降(jiang)(jiang)低密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)，一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)Ra在(zai)(zai)0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。手(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不管粗(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整個過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)始終貫穿(chuan)提起(qi)、放下(xia)、旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)、往復(fu)、輕敲、換向(xiang)等操作相結合的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。其目的(de)(de)(de)是避免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒(li)軌跡(ji)重(zhong)復(fu)，使(shi)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)得到(dao)均勻的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)，提高密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平整度(du)，降(jiang)(jiang)低粗(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)。在(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)始終貫穿(chuan)著(zhu)檢驗過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，其目的(de)(de)(de)是隨時(shi)掌握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況，做(zuo)到(dao)心中有(you)數，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)達(da)到(dao)技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。在(zai)(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，清(qing)潔(jie)工作是很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)環節，應做(zuo)到(dao)“三(san)不落地”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不落地、工具不落地、物料(liao)不落地；“三(san)不見天”，即顯示劑(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)、稀釋劑(ji)（液）用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋(gai)；“三(san)干凈(jing)”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹(mo)洗干凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)清(qing)洗干凈(jing)、更換研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)時(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具和密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹(mo)洗干凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中應注(zhu)(zhu)意檢查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具不與密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)外(wai)任(ren)何疤(ba)點臺肩(jian)相摩擦(ca)，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具運動平穩，保(bao)證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。經(jing)過(guo)(guo)滲(shen)(shen)氨、滲(shen)(shen)硼等表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)處理的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)小(xiao)心謹慎，因為滲(shen)(shen)透層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)隨著(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)(liang)增大而明顯下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)量(liang)(liang)應盡量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)，最好(hao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行拋光使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，至少要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，如達(da)不到(dao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，就(jiu)(jiu)將殘存的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)透層(ceng)(ceng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重(zhong)新滲(shen)(shen)透處理，恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)原有(you)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于深(shen)冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)深(shen)冷(leng)(leng)定型(xing)處理后(hou)(hou)再研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否(fou)則(ze)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)經(jing)深(shen)冷(leng)(leng)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)變形。深(shen)冷(leng)(leng)處理可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)液氨中進(jin)(jin)(jin)行。刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)般寬(kuan)(kuan)度(du)為0.5~0.8mm,接近(jin)線密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)，密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)會(hui)變寬(kuan)(kuan)，應注(zhu)(zhu)意恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車削(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩(liang)斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)方法恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)寬(kuan)(kuan)度(du)尺寸。

  研具使用(yong)后應進(jin)行一次檢查，對平整度(du)不高的平面要(yao)修理好(hao)，并(bing)應清洗干凈，保持(chi)完(wan)整。要(yao)分門別類地把研磨工具擺放在工具箱內，以便以后使用(yong)。

  研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)分平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)、錐形密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)、圓(yuan)弧密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)、圓(yuan)柱體密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)等幾種。

①. 閥體平面(mian)密封面(mian)的研磨 

  閥體(ti)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)平(ping)面位于閥體(ti)內腔，研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)比較困難。通常使用帶(dai)方(fang)孔(kong)的(de)圓盤(pan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)工(gong)具(ju)，放在內腔的(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面上，再用帶(dai)方(fang)頭的(de)長柄(bing)手把來帶(dai)動研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)運動。研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)上有圓柱(zhu)凸臺或(huo)引導墊(dian)片，以防止在研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)過程(cheng)中研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)局部離開(kai)環狀(zhuang)(zhuang)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面而造成研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)勻(yun)的(de)現(xian)象。圖4-71為閘(zha)閥密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)面的(de)手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)。

  研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)前(qian)應將(jiang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)工作面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)用(yong)丙酮或汽(qi)油擦(ca)凈，并(bing)去除閥(fa)體密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)飛邊、毛刺，再在密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂敷一(yi)層研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)放入閥(fa)體內腔時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)仔細地(di)(di)貼合在密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)，然后(hou)(hou)采(cai)用(yong)長柄手(shou)把使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤做正、反方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)回轉(zhuan)運動(dong)。先順時(shi)(shi)針回轉(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)(shi)針回轉(zhuan)90°,如此反復地(di)(di)進行。一(yi)般回轉(zhuan)10余次(ci)后(hou)(hou)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)中的(de)磨(mo)(mo)粒便已(yi)磨(mo)(mo)鈍，故應該經常(chang)(chang)抬起研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤來(lai)添新的(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)壓(ya)力要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)均勻，且不宜過大(da)。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)壓(ya)力可(ke)大(da)些，精研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)應較小(xiao)。應注意(yi)不要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)因施(shi)加壓(ya)力使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)局(ju)部脫開密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)后(hou)(hou)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)檢(jian)(jian)查工件的(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)度。此時(shi)(shi)可(ke)取出研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)，用(yong)丙酮或汽(qi)油將(jiang)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)擦(ca)凈，再將(jiang)圓盤形的(de)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)放在密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)并(bing)用(yong)手(shou)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)旋(xuan)動(dong)，取出平(ping)板(ban)后(hou)(hou)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)觀察(cha)到密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)出現(xian)的(de)接(jie)觸痕跡。當(dang)環狀密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)均勻地(di)(di)顯示接(jie)觸痕跡，而徑向(xiang)最(zui)小(xiao)接(jie)觸寬(kuan)度與密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)度之比（即(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)與檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)的(de)吻(wen)合度）達到工藝上(shang)(shang)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)數值時(shi)(shi)，平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)度就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)認為合格(ge)。為了(le)保證檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)準(zhun)確性，檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)應經常(chang)(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查、修整。

②. 閘板、閥瓣平面密封面的(de)研磨 

  閘板、閥(fa)瓣(ban)和閥(fa)座的(de)密(mi)(mi)封平(ping)(ping)面(mian)可使用(yong)(yong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板來手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板平(ping)(ping)面(mian)應平(ping)(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)用(yong)(yong)平(ping)(ping)板分刻槽平(ping)(ping)板和光(guang)滑(hua)平(ping)(ping)板兩(liang)種，如圖4-72所示。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)工(gong)作前，先用(yong)(yong)丙(bing)酮或(huo)汽油(you)將(jiang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板的(de)表(biao)面(mian)擦干凈，然后(hou)在(zai)平(ping)(ping)板上均(jun)勻、適量地涂(tu)一層研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑，把需(xu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)的(de)工(gong)件表(biao)面(mian)貼合在(zai)平(ping)(ping)板上即開始研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)。用(yong)(yong)手一邊(bian)旋轉一邊(bian)做(zuo)直線運動，或(huo)做(zuo)“8”字形運動。由于研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)運動方向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)不(bu)(bu)斷變更，使磨(mo)粒不(bu)(bu)斷地在(zai)新的(de)方向(xiang)(xiang)起磨(mo)削作用(yong)(yong)，故可提高研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)效(xiao)率。圖4-73所示為閥(fa)體(ti)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)密(mi)(mi)封面(mian)的(de)手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)。

  為了避免研(yan)磨平板的磨耗不均，不要總是在平板的中部(bu)研(yan)磨，應沿平板的全(quan)部(bu)表面上(shang)不斷變(bian)換(huan)部(bu)位，否則(ze)研(yan)磨平板將很快(kuai)失去平面精度。

  閘(zha)板(ban)及(ji)有些閥座呈楔(xie)(xie)狀(zhuang)，密(mi)封平(ping)面圓周上的(de)(de)質量不(bu)均，厚(hou)(hou)薄不(bu)一(yi)(yi)致，容(rong)易產生偏(pian)磨現(xian)象，厚(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)容(rong)易多磨，薄的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)會少磨。所以，在研磨楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)封面時(shi)，應(ying)附加一(yi)(yi)個平(ping)衡力，使楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)封面均勻磨削。圖4-74所示(shi)為楔(xie)(xie)式閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)封面的(de)(de)整體研磨方法。