這種軋(ya)機亦稱皮爾(er)格(ge)軋(ya)管(guan)機，1891年由曼乃斯(si)曼兄(xiong)弟發明，1900年將(jiang)芯棒設計成移動式為止才達(da)到(dao)完全機械(xie)化(hua)，成為目前狀態，其操(cao)作過程如圖4-21所(suo)示。

  此(ci)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)的基本特點(dian)是鍛軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥旋轉(zhuan)方(fang)向(xiang)與軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)送(song)進(jin)方(fang)向(xiang)相(xiang)反(fan)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥孔型(xing)沿(yan)圓周(zhou)為(wei)變(bian)斷面，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制時(shi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)反(fan)送(song)進(jin)方(fang)向(xiang)運(yun)行(xing)。送(song)料由做往(wang)復運(yun)動(dong)的芯(xin)棒送(song)進(jin)機(ji)構完成，這種軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制形式(shi)的延伸系數(shu)為(wei)7~15,可(ke)用鋼錠(ding)直接生(sheng)產。目前主(zhu)要(yao)用于生(sheng)產大直徑(jing)中、厚(hou)壁(bi)管、異(yi)形管，利用鍛軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的特點(dian)還可(ke)生(sheng)產合金鋼管。生(sheng)產的規(gui)格范圍外徑(jing)為(wei)114~665mm;壁(bi)厚(hou)2.5~100mm;軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后長度可(ke)達40m.該軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)的主(zhu)要(yao)缺點(dian)是：效率(lv)低，輔(fu)助(zhu)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)時(shi)間占整個周(zhou)期的25%;孔型(xing)不易加工(gong)；芯(xin)棒長，生(sheng)產規(gui)格范圍窄，壁(bi)厚(hou)精度低。為(wei)減(jian)少周(zhou)期，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)皆采(cai)用線(xian)外插芯(xin)棒鍛頭，再送(song)往(wang)主(zhu)機(ji)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制，以減(jian)少輔(fu)助(zhu)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)時(shi)間。為(wei)改善周(zhou)期軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)加工(gong)的規(gui)格尺寸窄的問題，有的配(pei)以張力減(jian)徑(jing)來(lai)擴大機(ji)組生(sheng)產規(gui)格范圍。