空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)器(qi)（簡稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)）是以環境空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)作(zuo)為冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)介質，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)高溫工(gong)藝流體(ti)的(de)換熱器(qi)，也稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)式換熱器(qi)。管內的(de)熱流體(ti)通(tong)(tong)過管壁和翅片(pian)與管外空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)進行換熱，所(suo)用(yong)的(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)由通(tong)(tong)風機供給。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)器(qi)可(ke)用(yong)于(yu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)或(huo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于(yu)：煉油(you)、石(shi)油(you)化(hua)工(gong)塔頂蒸氣(qi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)；回(hui)流油(you)、塔底油(you)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)；各(ge)種反(fan)應生成物(wu)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)；循環氣(qi)體(ti)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)和電(dian)站汽輪(lun)機排氣(qi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝(ning)。工(gong)作(zuo)壓力可(ke)達69MPa。但耗電(dian)量、噪聲和占(zhan)地面(mian)積均大(da)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)效果受氣(qi)候變(bian)化(hua)影響較大(da)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)標(biao)準主要有API 661《煉油(you)廠用(yong)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)換熱器(qi)》、ISO 13706《石(shi)油(you)、石(shi)化(hua)和天然氣(qi)工(gong)業風冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換熱器(qi)》、GB／T 15386《空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換熱器(qi)》等。
1. 空氣冷卻(que)器的結構
空氣冷卻器主要由管(guan)束、通(tong)風機、構(gou)架(jia)及百葉窗等組(zu)成，如圖7.12所示。
空氣(qi)冷卻器管(guan)束包括(kuo)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)管(guan)、管(guan)箱(xiang)、側梁和橫梁等。它(ta)可按臥(wo)式(shi)、立式(shi)和斜頂式(shi)（人(ren)字式(shi)）3種基(ji)本形式(shi)布置，見(jian)圖7.13。其中，臥(wo)式(shi)布置傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)面積(ji)(ji)大，空氣(qi)分布均勻(yun)，傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)效果好；斜頂式(shi)布置時，通風(feng)機安(an)裝在人(ren)字中央空間，占地面積(ji)(ji)小，結構緊湊。為抵(di)消空氣(qi)側的(de)給熱(re)(re)系數較(jiao)低(di)的(de)影響，通常采用光管(guan)外壁(bi)裝翅片的(de)管(guan)子(zi)。
2. 空冷(leng)器(qi)的分類(lei)
①. 按空冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)管束(shu)布置形式分(fen)類：水平式全(quan)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)；斜頂式空冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)；立式空冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)；圓環(huan)式空冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)。
②. 按空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)通風(feng)方(fang)式(shi)分類：自然通風(feng)式(shi)全(quan)冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)；鼓風(feng)式(shi)空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)；引風(feng)式(shi)空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)。
③. 按空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻方式(shi)(shi)分類：干式(shi)(shi)全(quan)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)：濕式(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)；干濕聯(lian)合空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)；兩側噴(pen)淋(lin)聯(lian)合空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)(qi)。
④. 按(an)空冷(leng)器(qi)風量(liang)控制方式分類：百(bai)葉窗調(diao)節式全冷(leng)器(qi)；可(ke)變角調(diao)節式空冷(leng)器(qi)；電動機調(diao)速(su)式空冷(leng)器(qi)。
圖7.14所示為(wei)不同類(lei)型空(kong)冷器(qi)示意圖。
3. 空冷(leng)器(qi)的優點(dian)與缺點(dian)
