不銹鋼電解拋光工藝流程要根據表面不同的情形、不(bu)銹鋼的種類選擇適合的操作程序。

工藝流程 1

  適(shi)合于煉鋼(gang)出來的(de)材(cai)料，表(biao)面(mian)有(you)一層氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)皮，經電(dian)化(hua)(hua)學拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)能獲得光(guang)(guang)亮如鏡(jing)的(de)表(biao)面(mian)。堿(jian)性化(hua)(hua)學除油（氫氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鈉(na)50~80g/L,碳(tan)酸(suan)鈉(na)20~30g/L,磷酸(suan)三鈉(na)20~30g/L,洗(xi)(xi)衣粉(fen)7~10g/L,溫度(du)(du)95~100℃,時間(jian)(jian)(jian)15~30min)→熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→去污粉(fen)擦洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→上(shang)(shang)夾具（接(jie)觸點用螺(luo)釘擰緊）→下電(dian)化(hua)(hua)學拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)槽(cao)［電(dian)化(hua)(hua)學拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)液(ye)按配方4,拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)件放在陽(yang)極上(shang)(shang)，鉛板(ban)放在陰(yin)極上(shang)(shang)，陰(yin)陽(yang)極面(mian)積比1:(2~3.5),調(diao)整好陰(yin)陽(yang)極之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)距離(li)100~300mm]→給電(dian)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)（電(dian)壓(ya)6~12V,陽(yang)極電(dian)流密度(du)(du)30~60A/d㎡,溫度(du)(du)50~80℃,時間(jian)(jian)(jian)8~3min)→斷電(dian)出槽(cao)→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→拆卸(xie)夾具→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→鈍化(hua)(hua)處理［硝酸(suan)（d=1.40)600~700mL/L，重鉻(ge)酸(suan)鉀8~10g/L,室溫，時間(jian)(jian)(jian)30~40min]→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→中(zhong)和（碳(tan)酸(suan)鈉(na)20~30g/L,室溫，時間(jian)(jian)(jian)2min)→熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→干燥(zao)（0.3~0.5MPa壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣吹干并烘干）。

工藝流程(cheng) 2

 采用三次不(bu)同的拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)方(fang)法。拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)不(bu)銹鋼零件可按此工(gong)序進行。機械拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)→化學除油→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→酸蝕(shi)(shi)（工(gong)業(ye)鹽(yan)酸加(jia)緩蝕(shi)(shi)劑(ji)六亞甲基四胺(an)1~2g/L,室溫，時間1.0~2min;或工(gong)業(ye)硫酸200~250g/L,緩蝕(shi)(shi)劑(ji)硫脲(niao)0.3~0.5g/L,溫度80~98℃,時間3~5min)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→化學拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)（按表3-1中配方(fang)8或其他）→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→電解拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)（按表3-3中配方(fang)，適(shi)當選取）→熱水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→鈍化→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→中和(he)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→熱水(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)（90~98℃)→烘干。

工藝流(liu)程 3

 適合于切削加工馬氏(shi)體(ti)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼制品，經一次電化學拋光、鈍化得成品。裝夾具→電化學除油（氫氧化鈉15~25g/L,碳酸鈉25~35g/L,磷酸三鈉10~20g/L,溫度55~60℃,陽極DA2~5A/d㎡2,時間1~2min)→熱水洗→冷水洗→酸蝕［硫酸（d=1.84)10%~15%(質量分數），室溫，30~60秒]→冷水洗→電化學拋光（溶液按表3-3配方7配制）→冷水洗→冷水洗→鈍化（硝酸250mL/L,重鉻酸鉀20g/L,室溫，時間＜30min;或重鉻酸鉀15g/L,氫氧化鈉3g/L,pH6.5~7.5,溫度60~80℃,時間3min)→冷水洗→冷水洗→中和（只用鈍化前一個配方時進行，碳酸鈉20~30g/L)→冷水洗→冷水洗→熱水洗→干燥（壓縮空氣吹干）。

工藝流(liu)程 4

 適合于(yu)有(you)焊(han)接縫(feng)氧化(hua)(hua)皮(pi)的不銹鋼。裝夾(jia)(jia)具→除油(you)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→去(qu)氧化(hua)(hua)皮(pi)（氫(qing)氧化(hua)(hua)鈉95~105g/L,碳酸(suan)鈉100~200g/L,高錳(meng)酸(suan)鉀(jia)80~90g/L,溫(wen)(wen)度60~70℃,零件掛陽極，DA35~45A/d㎡2,時(shi)間(jian)7~9min,陰極掛鉛板(ban)）→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→酸(suan)洗(xi)(xi)［硫(liu)酸(suan)10%~15%(質(zhi)量(liang)分數(shu)）］→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→光(guang)(guang)亮浸蝕(shi)（硫(liu)酸(suan)100mL/L,硝酸(suan)170mL/L,氫(qing)氟酸(suan)50mL/L,室溫(wen)(wen)，5~10min)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→電化(hua)(hua)學(xue)拋光(guang)(guang)（按表3-3配方11進(jin)行）→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→鈍化(hua)(hua)（硝酸(suan)500mL/L,重鉻(ge)酸(suan)鉀(jia)10g/L,室溫(wen)(wen)，時(shi)間(jian)10min)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→中和（碳酸(suan)鈉20~30g/L,室溫(wen)(wen)，2min)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→熱水(shui)(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→吹干→下(xia)夾(jia)(jia)具。