懸(xuan)臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架常用于管道的(de)(de)(de)承重或導向(xiang)。此類支(zhi)(zhi)架是應用比較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)架形式，支(zhi)(zhi)架的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類也比較多(duo)。按(an)生(sheng)根條件分(fen)，可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)生(sheng)根在(zai)鋼結構梁柱上的(de)(de)(de)懸(xuan)臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架和(he)(he)生(sheng)根在(zai)設備上的(de)(de)(de)懸(xuan)臂(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)架兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)有無斜撐(cheng)來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為(wei)懸(xuan)臂(bei)式和(he)(he)三角式兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)支(zhi)(zhi)承的(de)(de)(de)作用來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為(wei)承重型和(he)(he)導向(xiang)型兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按(an)懸(xuan)臂(bei)的(de)(de)(de)數量來(lai)分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為(wei)單肢型和(he)(he)雙肢型兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
1. 在鋼結構梁柱上生(sheng)根的懸臂(bei)支(zhi)架(jia) 此類支(zhi)架(jia)常見類型如圖9-33所示。
圖(tu)9-33中共給出了A、B、C三種形式。A型(xing)常用(yong)(yong)于支承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)較小的(de)情況(kuang)，其長(chang)度L最大(da)一般不宜超(chao)過600mm。B型(xing)、C型(xing)常用(yong)(yong)于支承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)較大(da)的(de)情況(kuang)，其長(chang)度L最大(da)一般不宜超(chao)過1200mm。支架承(cheng)受的(de)荷(he)載(zai)大(da)小視所選用(yong)(yong)型(xing)鋼的(de)規(gui)格和荷(he)載(zai)作用(yong)(yong)點到梁柱(zhu)的(de)距離而定。
這類支架(jia)一般均(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)角(jiao)鋼、槽鋼等(deng)做受力(li)部件。它可與滑動(dong)管(guan)托(tuo)、導向管(guan)托(tuo)等(deng)配(pei)合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)水平保溫(wen)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)承重(zhong)和(he)導向，也可與固(gu)定管(guan)托(tuo)、導向管(guan)托(tuo)、管(guan)卡等(deng)配(pei)合使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，分別用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)垂直保溫(wen)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)承重(zhong)和(he)導向及光管(guan)的(de)(de)承重(zhong)（僅限于(yu)DN≤40mm的(de)(de)情況）和(he)導向。
2. 在設備上生根的懸(xuan)臂支架(jia) 此類支架(jia)常用于沿立式設備（如塔、罐等(deng)）上敷設的豎直管道(dao)的承重(zhong)和導向。常見的形式如圖9-34所示。
圖9-34中共給出了A、B、C、D四種(zhong)形式(shi)，它們(men)的適用(yong)場(chang)合(he)分述如下。
A型(xing)一般用于(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)(de)情況下。它通(tong)過與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)、滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)配(pei)合(he)，分(fen)別用于(yu)光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承重(zhong)（帶(dai)支(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)時(shi)）、光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)導向(xiang)、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)(de)承重(zhong)和導向(xiang)。當用于(yu)承重(zhong)時(shi)，與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡或管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)配(pei)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)螺栓孔應(ying)(ying)為(wei)橫(heng)向(xiang)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)，以(yi)適應(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道有(you)(you)(you)少量的(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)位(wei)移。B型(xing)一般適用于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)(de)情況下，使用方法(fa)同(tong)A型(xing)。C型(xing)適用于(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)承重(zhong)。當用于(yu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)時(shi)，雙(shuang)(shuang)肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)距離應(ying)(ying)加(jia)大一些，以(yi)適應(ying)(ying)隔熱厚度(du)的(de)(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)，雙(shuang)(shuang)肢(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)距離應(ying)(ying)盡可能小。D型(xing)適用于(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)導向(xiang)。 當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)四周應(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)高度(du)應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)厚度(du)。當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)去掉并代之以(yi)厚度(du)為(wei)4mm的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)板，以(yi)防止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)發生位(wei)移時(shi)，支(zhi)(zhi)架劃傷(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)。無論保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)與否，都應(ying)(ying)控制支(zhi)(zhi)架內(nei)壁與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)(tuo)或鋼(gang)板之間有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)大于(yu)3mm的(de)(de)(de)間隙。
上(shang)(shang)述(shu)形式均適(shi)用于設備不允(yun)(yun)許現場焊(han)接(jie)的情況。當設備允(yun)(yun)許現場焊(han)接(jie)時(shi)，可(ke)將(jiang)生根部件換(huan)成貼合鋼(gang)墊板，而中間支承件直接(jie)焊(han)在貼合鋼(gang)墊板上(shang)(shang)即可(ke)，這樣處理的結果(guo)可(ke)以簡化(hua)支架(jia)形式，也便于減(jian)少(shao)支承誤差，同時(shi)增加了支架(jia)的可(ke)靠性。
