藥芯焊絲也(ye)稱(cheng)粉芯焊絲、管狀焊絲，它是一(yi)種很有(you)應用前景的焊接材料。我(wo)國藥芯焊絲的(de)生(sheng)產已經有了一定規(gui)模(mo)，由(you)生(sheng)產粗(cu)絲(si)(si)擴展(zhan)到細絲(si)(si)品種，使我國(guo)的(de)藥(yao)芯焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)(si)生(sheng)產得(de)(de)到了較快(kuai)的(de)發展(zhan)，也得(de)(de)到廣泛應用(yong)。我國(guo)已推出的(de)《不銹(xiu)鋼藥(yao)芯焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)(si)》國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)準(zhun)GB／T17853-1999，與美國(guo)ANSI／AWS A5.22-95《電弧焊(han)(han)(han)不銹(xiu)鋼藥(yao)芯焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)(si)及鎢極惰性氣體保護焊(han)(han)(han)不銹(xiu)鋼藥(yao)芯填充焊(han)(han)(han)絲(si)(si)規(gui)程》標(biao)準(zhun)在(zai)技術內容上(shang)等效。

  藥芯(xin)焊絲(si)根據(ju)其內層填(tian)料中(zhong)有(you)無造(zao)渣劑(ji)，分為“藥粉型(xing)”（有(you)造(zao)渣劑(ji)）焊絲(si)和(he)“金屬(shu)粉型(xing)”（無造(zao)渣劑(ji)）焊絲(si)兩種。

  有(you)造渣(zha)劑的(de)按照渣(zha)的(de)堿度，可分為鈦型(xing)（酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)）、鈣(gai)鈦型(xing)（中性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或弱堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)）和(he)鈣(gai)型(xing)（堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)渣(zha)）。鈦型(xing)渣(zha)系的(de)焊(han)縫成形美觀，可進行全位置焊(han)接，電弧穩定，飛濺(jian)很(hen)小，焊(han)接工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優良，但焊(han)縫的(de)韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)抗(kang)(kang)裂能(neng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)略差。與(yu)此相反，鈣(gai)型(xing)渣(zha)系的(de)焊(han)縫韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)抗(kang)(kang)裂性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)優良，而焊(han)縫成形和(he)焊(han)接工(gong)藝(yi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)稍差。鈣(gai)鈦型(xing)渣(zha)系介(jie)于上述兩者之間。

  無造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)劑藥芯(xin)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲的焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)工(gong)藝性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)類似于實芯(xin)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲，其熔(rong)敷效率和抗(kang)裂性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)優于有造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)劑藥芯(xin)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲。無造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)劑焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)芯(xin)成分中大(da)部分是(shi)金屬粉(fen)，再(zai)加入特殊的穩(wen)弧(hu)劑，能(neng)(neng)保證焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)時造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)少，效率高、飛(fei)濺(jian)少和電弧(hu)穩(wen)定等特點。此(ci)外，它還(huan)具有焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫擴散氫含量低的特點，能(neng)(neng)提(ti)高焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭的抗(kang)裂性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)。據統計，采(cai)用(yong)無造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)劑藥芯(xin)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)時，其造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)量只有有造(zao)(zao)(zao)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)劑焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)絲的1/3，故不需除(chu)渣(zha)(zha)(zha)就可進行連續多(duo)層焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)（3～4層），能(neng)(neng)大(da)大(da)地(di)提(ti)高焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)生產率。

  各種藥芯焊(han)絲的焊(han)接(jie)特性見表2-23。