1. 紐扣電池和電池殼體

一(yi)般的(de)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)為錳電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)或堿電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，其殼體(ti)使(shi)用表(biao)面(mian)處理(li)鋼(gang)材再經過涂裝即可，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)子精密(mi)儀器所使(shi)用的(de)紐扣電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)用材，處于(yu)表(biao)面(mian)處理(li)鋼(gang)板和不銹鋼(gang)鋼(gang)板的(de)競爭的(de)狀(zhuang)態。在紐扣電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)中，有堿電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、氧(yang)化(hua)銀電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)、二氧(yang)化(hua)錳鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和空氣鋅(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)等各種類型電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

不銹鋼具有耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)，適合制作電(dian)池殼體(ti)。但(dan)由(you)于耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕的(de)(de)氧(yang)化膜而(er)使(shi)導電(dian)性(xing)(xing)惡(e)化，因此多(duo)使(shi)用(yong)鍍(du)(du)鎳的(de)(de)表(biao)面處理鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)。不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)亦(yi)可以(yi)用(yong)于廉(lian)價(jia)的(de)(de)玩(wan)具類(lei)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)，但(dan)在高(gao)性(xing)(xing)能產(chan)品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)，則使(shi)用(yong)鍍(du)(du)鎳的(de)(de)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)。在電(dian)池種(zhong)類(lei)當中(zhong)，氧(yang)化銀電(dian)池，二氧(yang)化錳鋰電(dian)池應用(yong)較(jiao)廣(guang)。鍍(du)(du)鎳不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)代(dai)表(biao)型鋼(gang)(gang)種(zhong)SUS304鍍(du)(du)鎳后，使(shi)用(yong)者較(jiao)多(duo)。最近為了降(jiang)低生產(chan)成本，轉為使(shi)用(yong)鐵素體(ti)系(xi)列的(de)(de)SUS430不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)鍍(du)(du)鎳。

 2. 鋰離(li)子(zi)電池(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)

 用(yong)(yong)在(zai)小型鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體材(cai)(cai)料中(zhong)，有(you)表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板、不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)和(he)鋁三方面(mian)的(de)競爭(zheng)，在(zai)開發(fa)初期，因為鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)存在(zai)爆(bao)炸危險(xian)性(xing)，所(suo)以，對表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板和(he)不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)作為殼(ke)(ke)體材(cai)(cai)料而展開研(yan)討論證。因為小型的(de)鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)是長方體，像(xiang)使用(yong)(yong)完畢而扔掉(diao)的(de)打火機那樣形狀，雖然使用(yong)(yong)表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板并具備(bei)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)成型性(xing)優勢，但在(zai)常溫(wen)下(xia)，靈活(huo)充分(fen)地使用(yong)(yong)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)機床，開發(fa)多(duo)種工藝方式的(de)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)技(ji)術，可(ke)以使用(yong)(yong)不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)進行超(chao)(chao)深度拉深工藝，制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)出不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)產品(pin)化(hua)的(de)電池(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體。近來，在(zai)數碼照(zhao)相機和(he)手機使用(yong)(yong)的(de)鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)，考慮到輕量(liang)化(hua)，則鋁殼(ke)(ke)體鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)亦產品(pin)化(hua)了(le)，在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)(cai)料制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)術中(zhong)，東京都大(da)田區的(de)技(ji)術實力很強。沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)行業人員采(cai)用(yong)(yong)超(chao)(chao)深拉深進行生產制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)。可(ke)以說鋁和(he)不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)在(zai)鋰(li)離子(zi)電池(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體行業存在(zai)著激烈的(de)材(cai)(cai)料競爭(zheng)。

 大(da)型鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，曾以NEDO為(wei)(wei)中心，聯(lian)合(he)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)生產廠家參與，分別開發了(le)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)型和定置型。圓柱形和長(chang)方體(ti)形的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼(ke)體(ti)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材料(liao)。圓柱形使(shi)用(yong)(yong)激光焊(han)接制(zhi)造殼(ke)體(ti)，長(chang)方體(ti)形則(ze)采用(yong)(yong)超深拉深工(gong)藝進行(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，而(er)盒(he)蓋使(shi)用(yong)(yong)激光焊(han)接進行(xing)(xing)接合(he)。雖然正處于開發階段，但已經(jing)決定在2010年在主力(li)客機波音789上，裝設這種(zhong)鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。所用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)SUS304、SUS304L不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)，板厚為(wei)(wei)0.6-0.8mm,在常(chang)溫下利(li)用(yong)(yong)多(duo)道工(gong)序沖壓成形。期望在市區(qu)內行(xing)(xing)駛的電(dian)力(li)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)而(er)在郊區(qu)是(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)汽油作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)燃料(liao)進行(xing)(xing)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)的兩種(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)汽車，或電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車上，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)二次電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，在實用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)方面取(qu)得(de)了(le)顯著(zhu)進展(zhan)。從鍍層鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板到不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)化(hua)(hua)的重點是(shi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)性和耐腐蝕性。