不(bu)(bu)銹鋼管立式(shi)穿孔機具(ju)有各種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)結構(gou)，采(cai)用(yong)何種結構(gou)取決于其不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)用(yong)途。
若用于實(shi)心坯料(liao)穿孔的穿孔機，通常具(ju)有(you)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在同(tong)一導向(xiang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)上的兩個活動橫(heng)梁，其中(zhong)一個橫(heng)梁安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)鐓粗(cu)坯料(liao)用的鐓粗(cu)桿，也稱(cheng)為鐓粗(cu)梁；另一個活動橫(heng)梁上安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)穿孔桿，即稱(cheng)穿孔梁。兩個橫(heng)梁可(ke)以同(tong)時或(huo)者單獨(du)地工作或(huo)移動。
若采用擴孔工(gong)藝時，沒(mei)有鐓粗工(gong)序，則可以簡化(hua)穿(chuan)孔機的結構，兩(liang)個動(dong)梁(liang)并為一(yi)個，僅作為擴孔頭在穿(chuan)孔筒中(zhong)(zhong)的對中(zhong)(zhong)，即具有短(duan)行(xing)程的附加動(dong)梁(liang)。
一般最為常用的不銹鋼(gang)管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。
穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)按其結構(gou)形(xing)式(shi)可以(yi)分為三(san)類：有(you)一(yi)個(ge)固定穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)；有(you)一(yi)個(ge)移動(dong)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)和具有(you)多工位(wei)的(de)旋轉或(huo)移動(dong)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)座的(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)。日(ri)本(ben)的(de)神戶制鋼還安裝了(le)有(you)3個(ge)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)的(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)結構(gou)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)。
表8-23為(wei)穿(chuan)孔機的(de)能(neng)力與擠壓機能(neng)力的(de)匹(pi)配(pei)情況，表8-24為(wei)國外部分立式穿(chuan)孔機的(de)主要技術(shu)性能(neng)。
圖8-27所示為立式(shi)單筒固(gu)定式(shi)穿孔機的結(jie)構示意圖，此種穿孔機設(she)備高度高，裝出料(liao)間(jian)隙時間(jian)長，被認為是一(yi)種陳舊的結(jie)構。
近代也有(you)采用4工位(wei)雙穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒移(yi)動(dong)式或旋(xuan)轉式立式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)結(jie)構（圖8-28)。這種結(jie)構的(de)立式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)，采用2個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒交替作業，裝(zhuang)出料和穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒內襯的(de)清理都在穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)中(zhong)心線之外進行。因此，不僅使穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)降低(di)，同時降低(di)了(le)廠(chang)房設(she)(she)施(shi)的(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)，而且也提高(gao)(gao)了(le)設(she)(she)備的(de)使用效率。但(dan)是(shi)，隨(sui)之穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒的(de)快速(su)和精(jing)確定位(wei)及(ji)固定比較困難，搞得不好會影(ying)響穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)后空心坯(pi)壁厚的(de)精(jing)度(du)(du)。
雙穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)結(jie)構的穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機，穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)具有4個工位，在這些(xie)工位上依次(ci)完成以下(xia)工序：把穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)坯(pi)料裝入穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，進(jin)行坯(pi)料的鐓粗和穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，從穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)中頂出空(kong)心(xin)坯(pi)，進(jin)行穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內襯的清理。
美國 Lone Star鋼(gang)(gang)廠55MN（5500t)臥式鋼(gang)(gang)管擠壓機相配套的(de)25MN(2500t)立式穿孔機的(de)主要性能如(ru)下(xia)：
穿孔(kong)機配(pei)置有自動控(kong)制系統，可用于：（1)管坯的鐓粗(cu)和穿孔(kong)；（2)帶預(yu)鉆孔(kong)和錐形輔助孔(kong)坯料的擴(kuo)孔(kong)。
